Gradients in periodontal status in Japanese employed males

AIM: The objective was to assess whether there was a social gradient in periodontal status by job classification in Japanese male workers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study participants were 15,803 Japanese male workers aged 20-69 years. There were seven groups classified by jobs. Oral examinations were conducted using community periodontal index (CPI). RESULTS: The percentages of sextants with a CPI score of 3 or 4 of professionals were significantly lower than for other job classes. The gradient also existed for the percentage of sextants with CPI score 4. After adjusting for age, a history of diabetes mellitus and smoking status, those lower on the gradient, namely, drivers, service occupations, salespersons and managers were 2.0, 1.5, 1.4 and 1.4, times, respectively more likely to have one or more sextants with CPI score 3 or 4 compared with professionals. Odds ratios of having more than one or more sextants with CPI score 4 after adjusting for age, clinical history of diabetes mellitus and smoking status for drivers, service occupations, salespersons and managers were 2.1, 1.5, 1.5 and 1.2, respectively, compared with professionals. CONCLUSIONS: There was a gradient in periodontal status by job classification. Professional and office workers had better periodontal status than salespersons, service occupations and drivers.     

钛及钛合金表面制备羟磷灰石梯度涂层的研究进展

羟磷灰石(HA)常涂覆于钛及钛合金表面使其获得良好的力学和生物学性能,HA梯度涂层的研制为解决HA和钛及钛合金热膨胀系数不匹配的问题提供途径.本文就钛及钛合金表面制备HA梯度涂层的研究进展作一综述.     

HPLC法测定奥卡西平及其制剂中有关物质

目的:建立使用C₁₈色谱柱同时测定奥卡西平及其制剂中8个杂质的高效液相色谱法。方法:采用ACE Excel C₁₈(4.6 mm×150 mm, 3μm)色谱柱,流速1.0 mL·min^-1,以6.8 g·L^-1磷酸二氢钾溶液(每1 000 mL加三乙胺2 mL,用磷酸调pH 6.0)为流动相A,乙腈-甲醇(11∶8)为流动相B,梯度洗脱,检测波长240 nm,柱温45℃。结果:奥卡西平与8个杂质分离度良好,奥卡西平和卡马西平分别在0.05～4.0μg·mL^-1和0.08～40μg·mL^-1浓度范围内呈现良好线性(r≥0.999 9),奥卡西平和卡马西平的定量限分别为1.03、0.65 ng,检测限分别为0.34、0.33 ng。共测定奥卡西平原料2个企业5批样品、奥卡西平片2个企业6批样品,其中1批原料检出杂质E,含量为0.004%;3批片剂检出卡马西平,含量分别为0.008%、0.005%、0.006%;1批片剂检出杂质C和杂质D,含量为0.006%、...     

MasonⅠ型及Ⅱ型桡骨头骨折保守治疗失败病例分析

目的分析经过保守治疗的Mason Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型桡骨头骨折病例失败的主要因素,同时探讨手术对保守治疗失败病例的疗效。 方法回顾性研究2010年2月至2015年6月在本中心行保守治疗的16~65岁急性Mason Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型的桡骨头骨折病例,排除合并同侧上肢其他损伤、颅脑外伤等影响桡骨头骨折预后的患者。收录信息包括患者一般情况、诊断、制动方式及时间,随访内容包括转为手术率、视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale, VAS）、肘关节活动度、Mayo肘关节功能评分系统（Mayo elbow performance score, MEPS）等。 结果共612例患者符合纳入标准,其中成功随访患者345例,包括男205例、女140例,平均年龄37.5岁（17~65岁）,平均随访时间13.4个月（5~23个月）。345例患者中有27例（7.8%）患者因疼痛、活动障碍等原因转为手术治疗,转为手术治疗的患者平均制动时间要显著高于保守治疗成功组的患者,其中Mason Ⅱ型19例（70.4%）,3例（11.1%）术中证实存在骨软骨游离体,1例（3.7%）存在环状韧带关节囊嵌顿,4例（14.8%）存在外侧韧带复合体损伤,25例（92.6%）有明确的关节僵硬而行松解术,另有5例（18.5%）因康复过程中出现尺神经损伤而行神经探查松解术。27例转为手术的患者,平均VAS评分从术前（5.6±1.4）分降到术后（1.2±0.8）分,MEPS评分从（55.6±8.6）分提高到（89.6±4.9）分,平均上肢功能评分表（disability of arm shoulder and hand, DASH）从术前（44.4±9.8）分降至术后（15.4±5.9）分。 结论骨折类型、制动时间过长以及遗漏合并损伤是Mason Ⅰ型及部分Mason Ⅱ型桡骨头骨折保守治疗失败的主要原因,手术治疗可以满意解决相应的关节僵硬、疼痛、韧带和游离体嵌顿等并发症。     

PKP术中应用低温间断灌注技术治疗周壁破裂型OVCF

目的通过与温度梯度灌注技术进行比较,探讨低温间断灌注技术在经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗椎体周壁破裂型骨质疏松性骨折中的临床价值。方法回顾性分析我院2015年1月至2018年12月期间共60例周壁破损型骨质疏松性椎体骨折患者,均为单椎体骨折,根据骨水泥灌注方法的不同分为温度梯度灌注组30例和低温间断灌注组30例。温度梯度灌注组男6例,女24例;平均年龄为(71.9±6.9)岁;低温间断灌注组男8例,女22例;平均年龄(69.7±7.2)岁。比较两组术前、术后2 d及末次随访时疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI),椎体后凸角,伤椎椎体前缘相对高度,手术时间,骨水泥注射量,骨水泥分布面积比,骨水泥可推注时间(从开始推注到所有骨水泥至团块期晚期不可推注的时间),骨水泥渗漏率。结果温度梯度灌注组术后随访时间平均(15.3±8.4)个月;低温间断灌注组术后随访时间平均(18.6±8.2)个月,两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组内术后2 d和末次随访时VAS评分、ODI评分较术前差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组内末次随访时与术后2d相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后2 d和末次随访时,两组组间的VAS评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余时间点VAS评分和ODI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。手术前后及末次随访时,两组组间的伤椎前缘相对高度和伤椎椎体后凸角比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组间手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其中低温间断灌注组的骨水泥可推注时间(12.1±1.0)min,显著长于温度梯度灌注组(5.3±1.1)min(P<0.05)。低温间断灌注组的骨水泥灌注量(3.9±0.79)mL,骨水泥分布面积比(0.46±0.10),均优于温度梯度灌注组(3.20±0.67)mL和(0.31±0.07),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低温间断灌注组有2例患者发生骨水泥渗漏,渗漏率6.7%,显著低于温度梯度灌注组的骨水泥渗漏率26.7%(P<0.05)。结论低温间断灌注技术可以有效延长骨水泥可推注时间,有利于提高骨水泥在椎体内的注射量和分布面积,降低骨水泥渗漏率的同时可获得更好的临床疗效。     

The Hanger Reflex: An Inexpensive and Non-invasive Therapeutic Modality for Dystonia and Neurological Disorders

The hanger reflex is a phenomenon characterized by the involuntary rotation of the head when a wire hanger is worn around the head such that a force is applied to the frontal temporal area by the longer side of the hanger. The application of a shearing force on the skin is thought to be the cause of this phenomenon. Attempts have been made to treat cervical dystonia using equipment designed to induce the hanger reflex. This reflex may have implications in the treatment of headaches, cervical pain, and adhesive capsulitis. The hanger reflex is seen not only in the head region but is also in other parts of the body. Thus, it could be used in the treatment of systemic dystonias. The hanger reflex may help develop inexpensive and non-invasive treatment for dystonia or other neurological diseases and is expected to be the focus of research in the future.     

Reduction of arthrofibrosis utilizing a collagen membrane drug-eluting scaffold with celecoxib and subcutaneous injections with ketotifen

The dense formation of abnormal scar tissue after total knee arthroplasty results in arthrofibrosis, an unfortunate sequela of inflammation. The purpose of this study was to use a validated rabbit model to assess the effects on surgically-induced knee joint contractures of two combined pharmacological interventions: celecoxib (CXB) loaded on an implanted collagen membrane, and subcutaneously (SQ) injected ketotifen. Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into five groups. The first group received no intervention after the index surgery. The remaining four groups underwent intra-articular implantation of collagen membranes loaded with or without CXB at the time of the index surgery; two of which were also treated with SQ ketotifen. Biomechanical joint contracture data were collected at 8, 10, 16, and 24 weeks. At the time of necropsy (24 weeks), posterior capsule tissue was collected for messenger RNA and histopathologic analyses. At 24 weeks, there was a statistically significant increase in passive extension among rabbits in all groups treated with CXB and/or ketotifen compared to those in the contracture control group. There was a statistically significant decrease in COL3A1, COL6A1, and ACTA2 gene expression in the treatment groups compared to the contracture control group (P < .001). Histopathologic data also demonstrated a trend towards decreased fibrous tissue density in the CXB membrane group compared to the vehicle membrane group. The present data suggest that intra-articular placement of a treated collagen membrane blunts the severity of contracture development in a rabbit model of arthrofibrosis, and that ketotifen and CXB may independently contribute to the prevention of arthrofibrosis. Statement of clinical significance: Current literature has demonstrated that arthrofibrosis may affect up to 5% of primary total knee arthroplasty patients. For that reason, novel pharmacologic prophylaxis and treatment modalities are critical to mitigating reoperations and revisions while improving the quality of life for patients with this debilitating condition.